LINDA C. SALAND,Ph.D.  Professor Department of Neurosciences

Education and Honors:
1963, B.S., Biology, City College of New York, Magna Cum Laude; 1965, M.A., Zoology, Columbia University, New York; 1968, Ph.D., Biology, City University of New York; 1968-69, Postdoctoral, Department of Anatomy, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Phi Beta Kappa; 1980-1998 Editorial Board, The AnatomicalRecord; Reviewer for Endocrinology, Endocrine Brain Res., Peptides, Molec. Cell Neurosci.; 1995-1997 Ad hoc member Biochemical Endocrinology Study Section.

Research Interests:
Chronic ethanol effects on CNS opiate receptors- immunohistochemical and G-protein coupling studies using autoradiographic methods for analysis of opiate receptors in the brain of a rat animal model of chronic ethanol, in collaboration with Drs. CF Valenzuela and DD Savage, Dept. Neurosciences, UNM. Consultant in development of a virtual reality head injury patient case for distance problem based education, in collaboration with clinical and engineering faculty at UNM School of Medicine and U. Hawaii School of Medicine.
Prior research studies in neuroendocrinology: Hypothalamic regulation of pituitary gland secretion: How the brain regulates secretion of opiate peptide and related hormones from pituitary endocrine cells. Studies involve examination of innervation from the brain to the pituitary gland, using immune staining methods, receptor autoradiography, and in situ hybridization techniques.

Reviewer (for manuscripts)-
Brain Research Bulletin

Ad hoc reviewer:
NIAAA Pre and postdoctoral fellowship review study section, 2005 - 2006
NIH- National Institute on Aging Training Grants, October 2008

Selected Publications:

Saland, L.C., Perrone-Bizzozero, N.I., Sower, A.C., Samora, A. and Sanchez, P. (1993) GAP-43-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the rat pituitary: Modulation after 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration and regeneration. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 4: 576-582.

Saland, L.C., Samora, A., Apodaca, A., Ramirez, D. and Savage, D.D. (1994) 6-hydroxydopamine-induced modulation of [3H]-spiperone binding to dopamine D2 receptors in rat pituitary gland. Endocrine 2: 773-777.

Saland, L.C., Perrone-Bizzozero, N.I., Sower, A., Samora, A., Ramirez, D. and Apodaca, A. (1996) Alterations in GAP-43 immunoreactive innervation in the aging rat pituitary. Neurosci. Lett. 208: 138-142.

Saland, L.C., A. Apodaca, D. Ramirez, V. Hernandez, J. Gaddy and D. Thomas. (1997) Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the aging rat pituitary gland. Brain Research Bulletin 43: 561-564.

Saland, L.C., Thomas, D., Morales, M., Gaddy, J. (1998) synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the rat pituitary: Alterations after 6-hydroxydopamine treatment. Endocrine 9:201-206.

Saland, L.C., Cunningham, L.A., Su, M., Morales, M., Gaddy, J. (2000) Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor in the rat pitutiary gland.  Brain Research Bulletin 52: 109-113.

Saland, L.C. (2001) The mammalian pituitary intermediate lobe: An update on innervation and regulation. (Invited Review) Brain Res. Bulletin 54: 587-593.

Abeyta, A., T. Dettmer, A.Barnes, D. Vega, M. Carta, M. Raymond-Stintz, N. Gallegos, D.D. Savage, C.F. Valenzuela, and L.C. Saland.  (2002) Delta opioid receptor localization in the rat cerebellum, Brain Research 931: 100-105.

Saland, L.C., A. Abeyta, S. Frausto, M. Raymond-Stintz, C.M. Hastings, M. Carta, C.F. Valenzuela, D.D. Savage, (2004) Chronic ethanol consumption reduces delta and mu-opioid receptor-stimulated G-protein coupling in rat brain. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 28: 98-104

Saland, L.C, C. M. Hastings, A. Abeyta, J.B. Chavez (2005) Chronic ethanol modulates delta and mu-opioid receptor expression in rat CNS: Immunohistochemical analysis with quantitative confocal microscopy. Neuroscience Letters 381:163-168

Chambers, JS, Thomas, D, Saland, L., Neve, RL, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI (2005) Growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and synaptophysin alterations in dentate gyrus of patients with schizophrenia. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 29(2): 283-290

Stevens, SM, Goldsmith, TE, Summers, KL, Sherstyuk, A, Kihmm, K, Holten, JR, Davis, C, Speitel, S, Maris, C, Stewart, R, Wilks, D, Saland, L, Wax, D, Panaiotis, Saiki, S, Alverson, D, Caudell, TP (2005) Virtual reality training improves students’ knowledge structures of medical concepts. Stud Health Technol Inform 111: 519-525

Alverson, DC, Saiki, SM Jr., Caudell, TP, Goldsmith, T, Stevens, S, Saland, L., Colleran, K, Brandt, J, Danielson, L, Cerilli, L, Harris, A, Gregory, MC, Stewart, R, Norenberg, J., Shuster, G, Panaotis, Holten, J 3rd, Vergera, VM, Sherstuyk, A, Kihmm, K, Lui, J, Wang, KL 2006 Reification of abstract concepts to improve comprehension using interactive virtual environments and a knowledge-based design: a renal physiology model. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 119: 13-18.

Gutierrez F, Pierce J, Vergara, Coulter R, Saland L, Caudell TP, Goldsmith TE, Alverson DC. The effect of degree of immersion upon learning performance in virtual reality, simulations, for medical education. Stud. Health Technol Inform. 125: 155-160.(In Medicine Meets Virtual Reality 15; In vivo, in vitro, in silico: Designing the next in medicine. JD Westwood et. al (eds) IOS Press 2007, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 155-160, 2007)

Alverson DC, Saiki SM Jr, Kalishman S, Lindberg M, Mennin S, Mines J, Serna L, Summers K, Jacobs J, Lozanoff S, Lozanoff B, Saland L, Mitchell S, Umland B, Greene G, Buchanan HS, Keep M, Wilks D, Wax DS, Coulter R, Goldsmith TE, Caudell TP.2008 Medical Students Learn Over Distance Using Virtual Reality Simulation. Sim Healthcare 3:10-15

Pierce, J., Gutierrez, F, Vergara, VM, Alverson, DC, Qualls, C., Saland, L, Goldsmith, T, Caudell, TP 2008 Comparative usability studies of full vs partial immersive virtual reality simulation for medical education and training. Stud. Health Technol Inform 132:372-377

Saland,L.C., Chavez J.B.; Lee, D.C. ; Garcia, R.R.; Caldwell, K.K. 2008
Chronic Ethanol Exposure Increases the Association of Hippocampal Mu-Opioid Receptors with G-Protein Receptor Kinase 2 (GRK2). Alcohol 42: 493-497.

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